(图为苔德.休斯和西尔维亚.普拉斯)
50年代末开始的自白诗运动中,不仅有罗厄尔和贝里曼这样的老将,而且也卷入了不少年轻诗人,其中女诗人西尔维娅.普拉斯和安尼.塞克斯顿的成就特别耀眼,普拉斯的诗醉心于自我与客观世间的关系中发展混乱,几乎那自白诗的悲剧式的自我揭露推倒了极端,她的某些诗使人感到像梦魇中的喊叫,在她眼力,自我和世界靠痛苦而结合。她在大学毕业后嫁给了英国著名诗人台德.休斯,60年代初,休斯另有新欢,使普拉斯十分痛苦,1963年她30岁时吸煤气自杀。塞克斯顿没有受过完整的教育,但与普拉斯一起参加过罗厄尔办的补习班,又参加过斯诺德格拉斯的补习班,因此她一开始写诗就走上了自白派的路子。她的“自白”被有的批评家看作自白派中的自我剖露最为直率的,诗集《生,或者死》获普利策奖,但她跟另外两位自白派诗人 ---贝里曼和普拉斯---走上自杀的道路。
应当说,塞克斯顿的诗中也有对生命的热爱,她是美国70年代妇女解放运动的先行者,,我们也在她是诗中看到她关心社会,积极参与60年代的反战运动。
-----------------------------------------
The Truth the Dead Know
Anne Sexton
(For my Mother, born March 1902, died March 1959and my Father, born February 1900, died June 1959)
Gone, I say and walk from church,
refusing the stiff procession to the grave,
letting the dead ride alone in the hearse.
It is June. I am tired of being brave.
We drive to the Cape. I cultivate
myself where the sun gutters from the sky,
where the sea swings in like an iron gate
and we touch. In another country people die.
My darling, the wind falls in like stones
from the whitehearted water and when we touch
we enter touch entirely. No one's alone.
Men kill for this, or for as much.
And what of the dead? They lie without shoes
in the stone boats. They are more like stone
than the sea would be if it stopped. They refuse
to be blessed, throat, eye and knucklebone
------------------------------
<死者所知的真理>(安尼.塞克斯顿)
走,我们边说边走,拒绝僵死的队伍去送葬,
六月,我倦于做勇夫.
我们驶乡向好望角,自我反思.
空中落下骄阳,而大海如铁门飞至.
我们到了,人们死在他乡.
亲爱的,风象石头一样坠落.
我们一旦接触,就全部投入.
不在孤独,仅仅为此,人们杀戮.
那么死者呢?他们躺在石船中,没穿鞋子,
如果大海风平浪静,他们比大海更象石头.
他们的喉咙,眼睛,和指关节,都拒绝祝福. |